MULTIVITAMIN-NAT

Vitamin A

Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin, that as a component of visual Purpura (rhodopsin) it is fundamental for the visual process and is involved in the conversion of photon energy into neuronal energy. Furthermore, vitamin A acts on the regulation of numerous metabolic processes, as growth, function and structure of the skin and mucous membranes. Vitamin A also plays a fundamental role in the regeneration of red blood cells and immune defenses

Vitamin A contributes to the maintenance of normal vision.(Human vitamin A deficiency.)

It is important for the maintenance of skin and mucous membranes ( Vitamin A in Skin and Hair).

It is important during pregnancy. Maintaining a balanced vitamin A status is critical during pregnancy to promote better outcomes for fetuses and newborns. Effective monitoring and intervention strategies are essential to address vitamin A deficiency and excess in pregnant women, thus improving fetal and neonatal health.

Promotes the normal function of the immune system. Vitamin A and its metabolites are immune enhancers that have been shown to enhance antibody responses to T cell-dependent antigens, increase lymphocyte proliferation responses to antigens and mitogens, inhibit apoptosis and restore the integrity and function of mucosal surfaces. Vitamin A and related retinoids may have potential applications in the therapy of some infectious diseases.

Contributes to normal energy metabolism.

It plays an important role in cell specialization.

Vitamin B6

It is active in carbohydrate metabolism, lipids, amino acids and nucleic acids, and participates in cellular signaling. It is an antioxidant and a compound capable of lowering the level of advanced glycation end products (AGE). In this review, we briefly summarize its involvement in biochemical pathways and consider whether its deficiency may be associated with various diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, cancer or the prognosis of COVID-19.

Vitamina B12

In nature there are no plants or vegetables that contain quantities of vitamin B12 capable of satisfying human needs. For this reason, those who eat only plant-based foods run into a possible deficiency of this vitamin. Some algae, brewer's yeast, some unwashed foods and others of oriental origin such as tempeh (derived from soybeans) and Kombucha (the cinese), despite being vegetal, they contain vitamin B12 but in infinitesimal portions, useless for human needs, since they are not assimilable by our body.

Vit B12 has a neuroprotective effect and protects against the onset of dementia. Low levels of vitamin B12 may also be an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease. High levels of vitamin B12 are associated with inflammation and represent a negative outlook for critically ill patients. Treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency is simple, but it can last a lifetime.

Vitamin B12 Supplementation also accelerates tissue repair in a model of ulcerative colitis. We conclude that vitamin B12 , through its key role in single-carbon metabolism and epigenetic dynamics, improves the efficiency of in vivo reprogramming and tissue repair.

Vitamin C

It helps keep cells healthy by protecting them from the effects of free radicals produced during normal cellular activity (metabolism). Vitamin C has several, important,

functions: maintains the normal functionality of blood vessels and the health of teeth and gums, facilitates the absorption of plant-based iron and participates in formation, growth and repair of bone and connective tissue keeps the skin healthy and stimulates the healing of wounds.

Vitamin E

Tocopherol is often used synonymously with vitamin E because it is one of its main compounds. Vitamin E in fact, is divided into two main groups: i tocotrienoli α, b, c, δ e i tocopheroli α, b, c, d. Alpha tocopherol is the most active fat-soluble compound, which in our body is accumulated in the liver and then released in small doses if necessary.

Vitamin E renders peroxylipid radicals harmless by releasing hydrogen atoms. This reaction, which transforms it into a stable radical which can then interact with the

vitamin C or with coenzyme Q10 maintaining strong cell membrane structures.

It therefore promotes cell renewal and is able to prevent fetal death; it also seems to play a fundamental role in tumor prevention and certainly protects against damage from pollution and smoking. ante. Being a powerful antioxidant, it protects cell membranes and promotes cell renewal. This is why it is also used in cutting-edge cosmetics to protect the skin from wrinkles. It plays an essential role in reducing the body's aging process and improves the immune response.

Selenium

Selenium (Se) can remodel gradual and spontaneous physiological changes caused by oxidative stress, potentially leading to disease prevention and healthy aging.

Selenium is a factor that increases the cognitive health of the brain and fights the neurodegenerative process and brain aging.

Clinical data confirm an inverse correlation between selenium levels and biomarkers of aging (p<0,0001). SeMSNs also restore adipogenic differentiation in human adipose progenitor cells via calcium signaling- NFATc2-Sik1.

These results demonstrate the superiority of SeMSNs over traditional forms of selenium, providing a nanotherapeutic strategy to combat multi-organ aging and promote healthy longevity.

Zinc

Zinc is a mineral present in the body in small quantities. In an adult individual there are approximately 2 grams. Zinc is a component of many enzymatic and hormonal complexes involved in protein metabolism, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids. It is necessary for the functioning of several hormones, including those of the thyroid, insulin, sexual hormones and growth hormone.

Its presence is important both for stabilizing membranes and other cellular components, both for the structure and integrity of the organs. It is essential for cell division and growth and development especially during pregnancy, childhood and adolescence. It is also involved in DNA synthesis, in the expression of genes, in the immune response, in wound healing and tissue repair. Finally, it is involved in the perception of taste and smell.

Zinc is considered an important micronutrient, playing different roles in various tissues and cell types.

Some of the alterations in hematopoiesis that appear as a consequence of aging and insufficient intake of micronutrients are well described in the literature; However, Not much is known about how zinc deficiency contributes to the development of diseases found in aging. Considering the importance of zinc in acting on different biological processes, This narrative review discusses several studies related to physiological requirements, to deficiency or excess of zinc, including studies on experimental models and humans, and aimed to shed light on the relationship between zinc and the regulation of hematopoietic tissue, exploring possible links between this mineral and common disorders that appear during aging.